Some approaches were useful for a time and later replaced by frameworks that could carry more observations.
Attempted: To keep a recorded location stable by treating movement as positional error.
Superseded: Field observations showed that ordinary use and access could establish a different expected position.
Legacy: The idea remains useful as a caution against confusing persistence with equivalence.
Attempted: To classify neutral finishes through an isolated material sample.
Superseded: Substrate and adjacent-field observations showed that a sample could not represent replacement behavior.
Legacy: Historical samples remain in the register as references, not complete classifications.
Attempted: To judge a control primarily by travel, force and repeatability.
Superseded: Practitioners added response recognition and learned familiarity.
Legacy: Mechanical consistency remains a required observation within OAI.